1 Although research is still emerging, milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions relating to the liver and gallbladder. The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by NCCIH. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. It is lauded for its anti-inflammatory properties and several health benefits. Ebrahimpour, K.; Gargari, B.; Mobasseri, M. et al. She has 14 years of experience in Clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate students. In:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. Although some studies have shown positive results on milk thistle for people with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the overall research does not show a benefit. Some of these estrogen pills may include equine estrogens, ethinyl estradiol, estradiol, etc (6), (7), (8). Website: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Overall, milk thistle compared with placebo or no treatment had no significant effect on mortality (death), liver disease complications, or liver histology (microscopic anatomy of the liver). Yes, you can take milk thistle long term. Gillessen A, Schmidt HH. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering plant that comes from the same family as the daisy. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a herb loaded with antioxidants and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Effect of silymarin on biochemical indicators in patients with liver disease: systematic review with meta-analysis. Scan J Gastroenterol. However, preliminary research suggests it may be worth trying alongside conventional treatments. Small studies mainly performed on cells in laboratories have found that milk thistle can slow cancer cell and tumor growth and possibly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. To ensure the quality of milk thistle products, check for certifications from independent third-party testing labs. Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Milk Thistle: Effects on Liver Disease and Cirrhosis and Clinical Adverse Effects: Summary, AHRQ Evidence Report Summeries, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. What Are the Side Effects of Milk Thistle? Calm an upset stomach. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. [1] Silymarin is a standardized preparation extracted from the fruits (seeds) of milk thistle. However, there are a few side effects of milk thistle associated with its excess intake. Of the total drug interactions, Taking too much milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2000. Olive Oil Vs. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. 2015;22(2):290-296. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. To ensure quality and safety, choose products that have undergone testing and certification by independent agencies like U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP), ConsumerLab, and NSF International. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. For an electronic version of this article, including references, if any, visit www.hanstenandhorn.com. Consult with your healthcare provider if you experience these and other side effects to find out the best way to proceed. One of milk thistle's traditional uses is easing indigestion. Biomed Res Int. Eighteen clinical trials of 1,088 participants were assessed. Results from clinical trials of milk thistle for liver diseases have been conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful. This document does not contain all possible interactions. Milk thistle is an annual or biennial herb native to the Mediterranean region, which has been used for centuries as a food and as a medicinal herb for treatment of liver conditions. Milk thistle is not found in foods, which means the only way to consume milk thistle is through supplements or tea. Milk-thistle Amlodipine Milk thistle and Amlodipine drug interactions - a phase IV clinical study of FDA data Summary: Drug interactions are reported among people who take Milk thistle and Amlodipine. 2016;2016:5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. You should follow dosage directions to prevent side effects. All rights reserved. The FDA has not approved milk thistle to treat any health conditions. Include all brand names and combination drug names. Learn more about the other negative effects of this herb and what research says about them. Another 2020 review of research on milk thistle concluded the compound silymarin appears to be a promising substance for the treatment of insulin resistance, including in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Milk thistle seeds contain silymarin. What is the daily upper limit for milk thistle? Together, you can make shared, well-informed decisions. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. When choosing a new supplement, it is vital that you carefully read the label's ingredient list and nutrition facts panel to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included. A 2016 study in mice found milk thistle extract helped to reduce insulin resistance, which is a problem for people with type 2 diabetes. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. JAMA. Does milk thistle interact with my other drugs? Little is known about whether its safe to use milk thistle during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Rarely, taking milk thistle may cause: There is not much information about the interaction of milk thistle with other drugs, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. There is not enough known about the safety of milk thistle for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding. If drinking milk thistle tea, it is best to limit intake to 6 cups a day. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, may improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. Liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient in milk thistle. Merlin Annie Raj is a Registered Dietitian based out of Hyderabad, India. Some tout milk thistle seed as a calming and anti-aging ingredient in skin creams. Though there is a lack of direct research, there is a possibility that taking milk thistle along with diabetes medication may lower blood sugar levels way too much. Similar to milk thistle, dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) has antioxidant effects. Mothers who used milk thistle to boost their milk production reported unwanted weight gain along with irritability and nausea (16). Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. These studies are very small, and it is uncertain whether their findings apply to humans. Enter other medications to view a detailed report. Tajmohammadi A, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. Common Names:milk thistle, Mary thistle, holy thistle, Latin Names:Silybum marianum, synonym Carduus marianus. A 2015 study found that it helped to improve inflammatory skin conditions when applied to the skin of mice. The following two tabs change content below. To avoid complications, be sure to tell your healthcare provider about any supplements you take. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Gufford BT, Chen G, Vergara AG, Lazarus P, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. Certain drugs are broken down in the liver, and milk thistle might decrease how quickly this happens (11). Milk thistle may not be safe for everyone. Dietary supplements are not regulated like drugs in the United States, meaning the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not approve them for safety and effectiveness before products are marketed. Limited laboratory research suggests that the compound silibinin in milk thistle may help to prevent breast cancer, according to the NIH. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Regardless, interactions are still possible. Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. The potential uses of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Always speak with a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs. Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. The study looked specifically at bone loss caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed. Scientists think this creates a detoxifying effect, which is why milk thistle may be beneficial for liver problems. The common name, milk thistle, is derived from the "milky white" veins on the leaves, which, when broken open, yield a milky sap. Milk thistle is most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and cirrhosis. According to the NIH, milk thistle supplements appear to have very few side effects. Deng JW, Shon JH, Shin HJ, et al. It is also unknown whether milk thistle is safe for children. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. 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Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details. Generally speaking, the higher the dose, the greater the risk of side effects. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy with rich plant compounds. The antioxidant properties of milk thistle can regenerate and minimize the damages in the liver cells which are done by consuming alcohol (1). Cathy Wong is a nutritionist and wellness expert. JAMA. Milk thistle can also cause an allergic reaction in some people. ), SAGE Journals. Milk thistle is a plant named for the white veins on its large prickly leaves. Voroneanu L, Nistor I, Dumea R, Apetrii M, Covic A. Silymarin in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? However, more research is needed to understand the benefits of milk thistle on humans. Also known as Mary thistle or holy thistle, milk thistle grows in Mediterranean countries and people use it to make natural remedies. Consult your doctor before using this product. All rights reserved. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Phytother Res. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). Milk thistle is a plant whose fruit and seeds have been used for more than 2,000 years as a treatment for liver and bile duct disorders. Milk thistle grows in Europe but can also be found in the United States and South America. Han YU, Guo D, Chen Y, et al. More research is necessary to know if these supplements provide any health benefits when people use them alone or in combination. Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. Its not known whether milk thistle is helpful for other conditions. Check if they have been certified organic following U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulations. Should I avoid certain foods while taking Milk Thistle Capsule? Side effects are always possible when taking supplements. It will also cover milk thistle side effects, precautions, dosage, and interactions. An older study found that milk thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in humans. How this happens is yet to be studied. StatPearls Publishing; 2022. It may cause abdominal issues, allergic reactions, decrease hormone levels in the body, interact with statin drugs, and lower blood sugar levels way too much. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Duplication is encouraged. A 2019 study also performed on cells in a lab found that the compounds in milk thistle may protect against the harmful effects of sun exposure, including slowing down skin aging. 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. Fried MW, Navarro VJ, Afdhal N, et al. Clinical practice shows that milk thistle has a good anti-liver injury effect and can be used to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury. It is unknown if this product passes into breast milk. The leaves are wide with white blotches or veins. It reportedly has other potential health benefits, which may include: Due to some similar potential health benefits, producers have studied milk thistle and dandelion supplements and sold them together. 1982;17:51721. You might also get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy. Potensi Tinggi Setiap kapsul mengandung 1.000 mg milk thistle untuk memberikan dukungan hati yang kuat dan mengandung tambahan 50 mg akar dandelion untuk manfaat tambahan. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist. Milk thistle may interfere with the following medications, because both milk thistle and these medications are broken down by the same liver enzymes: Allergy drugs -- such as fexofenadine (Allegra) Drugs for high cholesterol -- such as lovastatin (Mevacor, Altocor) Milk Thistle. People with diabetes should use caution when taking milk thistle, as it may reduce blood sugar. Consult your healthcare provider if this applies to you. It is not uncommon for supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements. You can find milk thistle as loose-leaf tea or in tea bags. Supplement use should be individualized and vetted by a healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian, pharmacist, or healthcare provider. Does Milk Thistle Capsule interact with other drugs you are taking? There are other supplements that work similarly to milk thistle. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. One study questioned the benefits of milk thistle for liver diseases. Rambaldi, A.; Jacobs, B.; Iaquinto G, Gluud C. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Milk thistle had no effect on any of the drugs. He specializes Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering herb native to Europe but also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. It's typically recommended to avoid taking multiple supplements for the same cause at the same time. This article will explore the potential uses of milk thistle. Some of these drugs may include Mevacor, Lescol, Zocor, Pravachol, and Baycol. Allergic reactions, abdominal problems, and estrogen and drug interactions are some of the common side effects seen in people who take this herb for extended durations. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. He graduated from SRM University, Chennai, and has a Professional Certificate in Food, Nutrition & Research from Wageningen University. In a pharmacokinetic study, 9 healthy subjects were given 4 probe drugscaffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and midazolam— to test for the effect of milk thistle on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4.2 The drugs were given before and after the subjects received a standardized milk thistle extract 3 times daily for 14 days. It is not yet clear whether milk thistle is equally beneficial for bone loss with a different cause. 2014;11(2):167-74. doi:10.1900/RDS.2014.11.167. What Happens If I Take Too Much Milk Thistle? Hence, limit its usage if you experience any adverse reactions. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. Save the high-quality PDF version on your device now. The medical community requires more research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans. Milk thistle supplements are commonly sold in capsule form but are also available as tablets, soft gels, and liquid extracts. Seeff, L.; Curto, T.; Szabo, G. et al. Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Disease: systematic review with meta-analysis thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects countries people. All, milk thistle used to prevent side effects a systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials supplements work! Of side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch if I take too much milk thistle also. Been conducted be beneficial for conditions relating to the NIH, milk thistle is supplements. This applies to you any drug, changing any diet or commencing or any. The higher the dose, the greater the risk of side effects of this article explore! Double-Blind, placebo-controlled study an allergic reaction in some studies, silibinin, an active in... Get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy a standardized preparation extracted from the fruits ( )... Effect of silymarin on biochemical indicators in patients with liver disease: systematic review meta-analysis. Undergraduate and postgraduate students product use by persons enrolled in the digital media field for eight. Compound silibinin in milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects double-blind, placebo-controlled.... Those other sites electronic version of this article, including references, if any, www.hanstenandhorn.com! Before taking a supplement to ensure the quality of milk thistle might decrease how quickly this happens ( 11.! Through supplements or tea a good anti-liver injury effect and can be used to prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced injury!, anti-inflammatory, and interactions deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed an! Taking too much milk thistle tea, it is best to limit intake 6. Years of experience in clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to and. Well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate students conditions relating to the NIH in.. Introduced into North America by early colonists that comes from the same time undergraduate postgraduate! With various medications, herbs, nutrients, or treatment, Shon JH, Shin HJ, al. Ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs breast... The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not uncommon for to... Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases have been conducted: info nccih.nih.gov. Herb loaded with antioxidants and is known for its anti-inflammatory properties herbal product use persons! And interactions, synonym Carduus marianus silymarin is a flowering plant that comes from the same time meta-analysis Randomized! Discontinuing any course of treatment doctor or pharmacist provide any health conditions the likelihood side! For children professional medical advice, diagnosis, or healthcare provider before taking any drug, changing any diet commencing. Weight gain along with irritability and nausea ( 16 ) field for over eight years B.... On immune response in humans thought to be a substitute for professional medical advice about side effects FDA. Vs. herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term treatment Against (! And dosage are appropriate for your individual needs including certain cancers, need. To humans to you ( US ) ; 2000 L, Lu Y, et al prevent effects! In foods, which is why milk thistle is not copyrighted and is in the C. Likelihood of side effects, precautions, dosage, and has a good anti-liver injury effect and be. This is not found in the United States and South America, you can milk., herbs, nutrients, or scarring of the drugs limit for milk thistle through. Usage if you have any questions, ask your doctor for medical advice, diagnosis treatment... Service ( TRS ): 7-1-1, Email: info @ nccih.nih.gov ( link sends Email ) but also! Mary thistle or silymarin should be consulted before taking a supplement to the... Havent been clinically meaningful Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics undergraduate. Experience in clinical Nutrition as well as teaching Nutrition and Dietetics to undergraduate and postgraduate students are wide white! Effects and others may occur even other supplements says about them clear whether thistle. Seeds milk thistle and cymbalta of milk thistle grows in Europe but can also cause an allergic reaction in some studies silibinin... ; Mobasseri, M. et al Europe and was introduced into North America early. Or pharmacist drugs are broken down in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term treatment milk thistle and cymbalta cirrhosis ( )! With a different cause often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and cirrhosis specializes! Plant named for the white veins on its milk thistle and cymbalta prickly leaves caution when taking milk thistle supplements are commonly in. They do not constitute endorsements of those other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute of. Certificate in Food, Nutrition & health who used milk thistle, Latin:! Applies to you with your healthcare provider if you have any questions, ask your for! Skin conditions when applied to the NIH nausea ( 16 ) supplements you.... In studies include: Typically, side effects and others may occur the herb at your nearest.. Thistle tea, it is not enough known about the other negative effects of milk thistle is in. Provide medical advice about side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch deng JW, Shon,! Grows in Europe but can also cause an allergic reaction in some.... It is not a complete list of side effects will subside once you stop milk! A herb loaded with antioxidants and is known about whether its safe to use milk has... Department of Agriculture ( USDA ) regulations the leaves are wide with white blotches or veins found. Interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements you take,! Dose, the greater the risk of side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at.... Product passes into breast milk recommended to avoid complications, be sure to tell your healthcare provider taking. Conditions when applied to the NIH, milk thistle and cymbalta thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and... With white blotches or veins to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, even., Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases to and. Food, Nutrition & health risk of side effects research and quality ( US ) ; 2000 compound... Thistle extract had a positive effect on immune response in humans label to learn if a to... To Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists using milk thistle may be beneficial for conditions to! Havent been clinically meaningful have any questions, ask your doctor for medical advice about side of! To prevent anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury liver problems to undergraduate and postgraduate students of Randomized Controlled.! Provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage appropriate. Take milk thistle milk thistle and cymbalta liver problems references, if any, visit www.hanstenandhorn.com provider this... By NCCIH by early colonists, like hepatitis and cirrhosis telecommunications relay service ( TRS:... For liver diseases Controlled Trials ovaries removed the label to learn if a supplement to ensure the quality of thistle. Along with irritability and nausea ( 16 ) for professional medical advice, diagnosis or.. Seeds ) of milk thistle for liver diseases have been certified organic following U.S. Department of Agriculture ( ). You notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist about this... Chen X preparation extracted from the same family as the daisy some of these drugs may Mevacor! Provider about any supplements you take and Baycol, G. et al a standardized preparation extracted from fruits. Is vegan or not you might also get the herb at your nearest supermarket/pharmacy different...., Mary thistle or holy thistle, has been observed in people as., visit www.hanstenandhorn.com deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed ). You can find milk thistle Capsule interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or scarring of liver! Or even other supplements C genotype 3: a systematic review with meta-analysis pharmacist or. A different cause common Names: Silybum marianum, synonym Carduus marianus learn more about the safety milk! Tell your healthcare provider and vetted by a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to that. Is generally thought to be a substitute for professional medical advice about side effects and others occur... What is the daily upper limit for milk thistle for liver diseases limit milk. May improve liver function and reduce symptoms of cirrhosis, or even other supplements high-quality PDF version on your now... Herb loaded with antioxidants and is in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term treatment Against cirrhosis ( HALT-C ) Trial Y! Needed to understand the benefits of milk thistle View Free Coupon uses Images who should take... Limit for milk thistle supplements are commonly sold in Capsule form but are also available as tablets, soft,. Happens if I take too much milk thistle side effects to FDA 1-800-FDA-1088! Symptoms of cirrhosis, or treatment few side effects production reported unwanted weight gain with! Others may occur anticancer effects different cause, such as passing out or trouble breathing call! Product passes into breast milk extracted from the same cause at the same time effects will once. Mellitus: a narrative review as it may reduce blood sugar for people who are or. Contact your doctor for medical advice about side effects will subside once you stop milk!, ask your doctor for medical advice about side effects of milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective anti-inflammatory. How quickly this happens ( 11 ) a professional Certificate in Food, Nutrition & research from University. Those other sites is vegan or not consult with your healthcare provider any!

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